EWJ Dec 2023 - Journal - Page 58
10. Friedland, D & Swash, (2016). Post traumatic amnesia
and confusional state: hazards of retrospective assessment.
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 87,
(10), pp1068-1074.
different taxonomies and to be mindful of overinclusivity of non-specific symptoms.
• PCS is no longer a diagnostic classification.
• Persisting symptoms after MTBI are more than
likely to be psychological, to be linked to secondary
gain or be due to pre-existing vulnerabilities and
impoverished coping skills than to a persisting
underlying organic injury.
11. Hacker, D; Jones, C; Yasin, E; Preece, S; Davies, H;
Hawkins, A; Belli, A. & Paton, E. (2023). Cognitive outcome following complicated mild traumatic brain injury: a
literature review and meta-analysis. Journal of NeuroTrauma, https://doi%3A%2010.1089/neu.2023.0020
• The answer lies in the complex interaction of a biopsycho-social-environmental factors not an exclusively medical model where increasingly sophisticated
pathophysiological investigations are being pursued
in the hope of uncovering a unidimensional (biological) substrate to prolonged symptoms post MTBI.
12. Heilbronner, R; Sweet, J; Morgan, J; Larrabee, G; Millis, S & Conference Participants (2009). American
Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology Consensus Statement of the Neuropsychological Assessment of Effort, Response Bias and Malingering. The Clinical
Neuropsychologist (23) pp.1093-1129.
• Always review published research from a position of
curiosity. Consider the methodology of any research
published in the area of MTBI (definition / sample
size / potential confounding factors).
13. Huovinen, A; Marinkovic, I; Isokuortti, H; Korvenoka,
A; Maki, K; Nybo, T; Raj, R. & Melkas, S. (2021). Traumatic microbleeds in mild traumatic brain injury are not
associated with deleted return to work or persisting postconcussion symptoms. Journal of Neurotrauma.
https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2021.0055
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EXPERT WITNESS JOURNAL
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