What you can say when marketing organic 2020 - Flipbook - Page 32
REFERENCES
1. The Council of the European Union. Council Regulation
(EC) No 834/2007, Article 3. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/
legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32007R0834&rid=6:
“Organic production shall pursue the following general
objectives:
(a) establish a sustainable management system for agriculture
that:
(i) respects nature’s systems and cycles and sustains
and enhances the health of soil, water, plants and
animals and the balance between them;
22. Reganold and Wachter (2016). Organic Agriculture in the
Twenty First Century. Nature Plants, 2, 15221
23. Reganold and Wachter (2016). Organic Agriculture in the
Twenty First Century. Nature Plants, 2, 15221
24. Reganold and Wachter (2016). Organic Agriculture in the
Twenty First Century. Nature Plants, 2, 15221
(ii) contributes to a high level of biological diversity;
25.Soil Association Standards for Farming & Growing v. Jan
2020. Standard 2.5
(iii) makes responsible use of energy and the natural
resources, such as water, soil, organic matter and
air;”
26. Soil Association Standards for Farming & Growing v. Jan
2020. Standard 2.3.3
2. The Council of the European Union. Council Regulation (EC)
No 834/2007, Article 3 [as above]
3. Soil Association Standards for Farming & Growing v. Jan
2020. Standard 2.6
4. Soil Association Standards for Farming & Growing v. Jan
2020. Standard 2.6
5. Soil Association Standards for Farming & Growing v. Jan
2020. Standard 1.2
6. Soil Association Standards for Farming & Growing v. Jan
2020. Standard 2.6
7. Soil Association Standards for Farming & Growing v. Jan
2020. Standard 2.3
8. Soil Association Standards for Farming & Growing v. Jan
2020. Standard 2.3
9. The Council of the European Union. Council Regulation (EC) No
2018/848 (repealing 834/2007) General principles of EU organic
standards, Article 5a “the responsible use of energy and natural
resources, such as water, soil, organic matter and air”
10. Soil Association Standards for Farming & Growing v. Jan
2020. Standard 1.2
11. Soil Association Standards for Farming & Growing v. Jan
2020. Standard 1.2
12. Soil Association Standards for Farming & Growing v. Jan
2020. Standard 2.6
13. Soil Association Standards for Farming & Growing v July
2019. Standard 1.2
27. Smith et al. (2015) The energy efficiency of organic
agriculture: A review. Renewable Agriculture and Food
Systems, 30, 3
“organic farming performs better than conventional for
nearly all crop types when energy use is expressed on a unit
of area basis. Results are more variable per unit of product
due to the lower yield for most organic crops. For livestock,
ruminant production systems tend to be more energy
efficient under organic management due to the production
of forage in grass–clover leys. Conversely, organic poultry
tend to perform worse in terms of energy use as a result of
higher feed conversion ratios and mortality rates compared
to conventional fully housed or free-range systems. With
regard to energy sources, there is some evidence that organic
farms use more renewable energy and have less of an impact
on natural ecosystems. Human energy requirements on
organic farms are also higher as a result of greater system
diversity and manual weed control. Overall this review has
found that most organic farming systems are more energy
efficient than their conventional counterparts, although
there are some notable exceptions.”
28. Soil Association Standards for Farming & Growing v. Jan
2020. Standard 1.2, and 3.5 to 3.17. Also refer to the Standards
Analysis Report 2012 from Compassion in World Farming
& OneKind https://www.ciwf.org.uk/media/5231255/
standards_analysis_main_report.pdf
29. Reganold and Wachter (2016). Organic Agriculture in the
Twenty First Century. Nature Plants, 2, 15221
14. Soil Association Standards for Farming & Growing v. Jan
2020. Standard 1.2
30. Parrott, N., Olesen, J. E. & Høgh-Jensen, H. (2006) Global
Development of Organic Agriculture: Challenges and
Prospects, CABI (eds Halberg, N. et al.) 153–179
15. Reganold and Wachter (2016). Organic Agriculture in the
Twenty First Century. Nature Plants, 2, 15221
31. Reganold and Wachter (2016). Organic Agriculture in the
Twenty First Century. Nature Plants, 2, 15221
16. Soil Association Standards for Farming & Growing v. Jan
2020. Standard 1.2
17. Soil Association Standards for Farming & Growing v. Jan
2020. Standard 2.5
“Organic farming can improve food security by diversifying
on-farm crop and livestock operations, which diversifies
income sources and improves variety in diets”
19. Arbenz, M., Gould, D. and Stopes, C. (2017) ORGANIC 3.0—
the vision of the global organic movement and the need for
scientific support, Organic Agriculture, 7, 3
32. Meinhausen, F., Toralf, R. et al. (2019) Group Certification.
Internal Control Systems in Organic Agriculture:
Significance, Opportunities and Challenges, the Research
Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), part of project
“Consolidation of Local Certification Bodies” (ConsCert). Pdf
available https://orgprints.org/35159/7/fibl-2019-ics.pdf Media
release available: https://www.fibl.org/fileadmin/documents/
en/news/2019/mr_fibl_ConsCert_ICS_study.pdf
20.Eyhorn, F., Muller, A., Reganold, J. P. et al. (2019) Sustainability
in global agriculture driven by organic farming, Nature
Sustainability, Vol 2
33. Huber, B. et al. (2019) The contribution of organic agriculture
in the tropics to sustainable development. Research
summary presentation for workshop “The Contribution
18. Eyhorn, F., Muller, A., Reganold, J. P. et al. (2019) Sustainability
in global agriculture driven by organic farming, Nature
Sustainability, Vol 2
32
21. Arbenz, M., Gould, D. and Stopes, C. (2017) ORGANIC 3.0—
the vision of the global organic movement and the need for
scientific support, Organic Agriculture, 7, 3