China Energy Outlook 2020 - Flipbook - Page 9
Glossary of Selected Terms
Final Electricity – Electricity consumed at the point of end-use, including electricity generated
from all sources, both primary and thermal (combustion). Final electricity values are converted
to standard units based on the Direct Equivalent method conversion factor of 0.1229 kilogram
coal equivalent (kgce)/kilowatt hour (kWh).
Primary Electricity – Includes hydroelectric, solar, wind, geothermal, and nuclear power and
other sources not generated through combustion transformation. All primary electricity forms
are non-fossil, but not all non-fossil electricity is primary. Biomass power generation, for
example, is a combustion transformation and not a primary electricity source.
Primary Energy - Energy directly from natural resources that has not gone through any
conversion processes. Non-renewable primary energy sources include crude oil, coal, and
natural gas, and electricity generated from uranium. Renewable primary energy sources include
biomass and electricity generated from solar, wind, tidal, and geothermal sources.
Standard Coal Equivalent - Energy use and energy savings are reported in Chinese units of
standard coal equivalent (sce); values are typically expressed as metric tons of coal equivalent
(tce) and million metric tons of coal equivalent (Mtce). One tce equals 29.27 gigajoules (GJs)
and 27.78 million British thermal units (MBtus).