New Greek/English Interlinear New Testament - Flipbook - Page 16
INTRODUCTION
xvi
A Paradigm of English Renderings for Greek Participles
ACTIVE
PASSIVE
PRESENT
loving
being loved
AORIST
having loved
having been loved
PERFECT
having loved
having been loved
Noteworthy Constructions Involving the Participle
1. Substantival participle:
οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ
THIS
IS
βαπτίζων ἐν
THE ONE
BAPTIZING
πνεύματι ἁγίῳ.
[THE] HOLY∿SPIRIT.
WITH
(John 1:33)
2. Adjectival participle:
ἐν τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ τῇ ὑγιαινούσῃ
BY
THE
2
TEACHING
-
HEALTHY
1
(Titus 1:9)
3. Genitive absolute:
The genitive absolute construction consists of a series of words in the genitive case,
including a genitive participle, that is grammatically disconnected from the rest of
the sentence. (Occasionally it consists of just one word—the genitive participle.)
Most commonly, the genitive absolute is used to denote circumstances temporally
related to the main verb of the sentence. Because genitive absolute constructions can
be rather lengthy, we have sometimes employed numbering in our translation of such
constructions.
Ἀναχωρησάντων δὲ αὐτῶν ἰδοὺ ἄγγελος
NOW [AFTER] THEY∿DEPARTED
LOOK,
AN ANGEL
κυρίου
OF [THE] LORD
φαίνεται
APPEARS
(Matt. 2:13)
ἔτι
3
STILL
ἁμαρτωλῶν ὄντων ἡμῶν
4
SINNERS
2
WERE
[WHILE] WE
1
Χριστὸς ὑπὲρ
CHRIST
ἡμῶν ἀπέθανεν.
ON BEHALF OF US
DIED.
(Rom. 5:8)
4. Attendant circumstance:
An attendant circumstance participle expresses an action that occurs independently
of but alongside the action of the main verb. It is essentially treated as a finite verb
rather than being rendered as dependent on the main verb (i.e., in translation, it looks
like a regular verb, not a participle).
καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ, Ἀναστὰς πορεύου·
AND
HE SAID
(Luke 17:19)
TO HIM,
RISE UP
[AND] GO.