New Greek/English Interlinear New Testament - Flipbook - Page 17
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INTRODUCTION
5. Periphrastic constructions:
Periphrastic constructions consist of a main verb (usually εἰμί [the “to be” verb])
followed by a participle, which together form a single verbal construction. The main
verb adds only grammatical information; it does not convey semantic information.
The combination of the tenses of the two elements determine the tense of the
combined verbal construction (see below). For the purposes of our translation, since
the two elements of a periphrastic are only understood together, they are rendered
together in a combined gloss. (Note: Sometimes in the Greek word order, the “to
be” verb and the participle are separated by multiple words, in which case we have
generally placed the combined gloss under the participle.)
a. Present periphrastic (present of εἰμί + present participle):
ὅ
ἐστιν μεθερμηνευόμενον
WHICH IS TRANSLATED
(Mark 5:41)
b. Imperfect periphrastic (imperfect of εἰμί + present participle):
πλῆθος ἦν τοῦ
MULTITUDE -
λαοῦ προσευχόμενον
OF THE
PEOPLE WERE PRAYING
(Luke 1:10)
c. Future periphrastic (future of εἰμί + present participle):
ἔσεσθε μισούμενοι ὑπὸ πάντων
YOU° WILL BE HATED
BY
EVERYONE
(Mark 13:13)
d. Perfect periphrastic (present of εἰμί + perfect participle):
οὐδὲν δὲ συγκεκαλυμμένον ἐστὶν
AND∿NOTHING
HAS BEEN CONCEALED
(Luke 12:2)
e. Pluperfect periphrastic (imperfect of εἰμί + perfect participle):
μνημείῳ ὃ
A TOMB
ἦν λελατομημένον ἐκ
WHICH HAD BEEN CUT
πέτρας
FROM ROCK
(Mark 15:46)
f. Future perfect periphrastic (future of εἰμί + perfect participle):
ἔσται δεδεμένα ἐν οὐρανῷ,
WILL HAVE BEEN BOUND
(Matt. 18:18)
IN
HEAVEN,